Sensor Analog

Thermistor

A thermistor is a resistor whose resistance changes strongly with temperature.

Part images

Thermistor. The kit uses a 10k NTC thermistor according to SunFounder. Image source: SunFounder Pico 2 W Starter Kit documentation, Components section, © 2026 SunFounder.
Thermistor symbol. The symbol marks a temperature-dependent resistor. Image source: SunFounder Pico 2 W Starter Kit documentation, Components section, © 2026 SunFounder.
KY-013 Module Photo. Module Photo for the KY-013 Analog Temperature Sensor Module. Image source: Joy-IT SensorKit KY-013 module documentation
KY-013 Pinout / Module Diagram. Pinout / Module Diagram for the KY-013 Analog Temperature Sensor Module. Image source: Joy-IT SensorKit KY-013 module documentation
KY-013 Arduino Wiring Diagram. Arduino Wiring Diagram for the KY-013 Analog Temperature Sensor Module. Image source: Joy-IT SensorKit KY-013 module documentation
KY-013 Raspberry Pi Wiring Diagram. Raspberry Pi Wiring Diagram for the KY-013 Analog Temperature Sensor Module. Image source: Joy-IT SensorKit KY-013 module documentation

What it is

A thermistor is a resistor whose resistance changes strongly with temperature.

How students use it

Students use it for thermometers, room-temperature monitors, heat/cold alarms, and analog math practice with a real sensor.

Pins and power

Two non-polarized leads. Either lead can face either direction.

Passive sensor. Use it in a 3.3V voltage divider with a fixed resistor before connecting to Pico ADC.

SunFounder uses an NTC thermistor: resistance decreases as temperature rises. The kit thermistor is described as 10k ohm at 25C with beta value 3950.

Voltage and safety

Use 3.3V for the divider high side. Do not connect ADC pins to 5V.

Use room-temperature experiments. Do not heat the sensor with flame, high heat, or unsafe power sources.

Module internals

NTC thermistor bead/body, two leads, and resistive material whose resistance changes with temperature.

Datasheet notes

SunFounder gives the NTC conversion relationship and warns it is empirical and accurate only inside the effective temperature/resistance range.

Common libraries

Use machine.ADC for the divider reading, then convert resistance to temperature in lesson code.

Common mistakes

Using the wrong fixed resistor value in calculations, mixing Celsius and Kelvin, using 5V on the divider, and expecting medical-grade accuracy.